Role of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in Iraqi thalassemic patients infected with Toxoplasmosis

Raghad Shihab, Israa Kasim Al-Aubaidi

Abstract


Background: Toxoplasmosis is caused by the intracellular protozoan parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii. This parasite infects all types of endothermic animals, including mammals and birds, and is widespread throughout the world. A widespread form of hereditary anemia and the most common cause of hematologic disorders is Thalassemia. Interferon (IFN) is necessary for cellular immune activation against viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections. This study aims to evaluate the role of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in modulating immunity in thalassemia patients infected with T. gondii.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from the period of March-June, 2022, from 165 thalassemia diagnosed individuals and 80 healthy volunteers at Al-Karama Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. The ages of all patients were from 2 to 45 years. Thalassemia was diagnosed by blood tests conducted as per doctor’s prescription.

Result: The thalassemic individuals infected with toxoplasmosis showed the highest IgG antibody titers, while the control group with toxoplasmosis ranked second. The thalassemic individuals, with or without toxoplasmosis, also showed significantly higher concentrations of IFN-γ compared to the T. gondii-positive control group and healthy subjects.

Conclusion: It is concluded that the highest IFN-γ levels were found in the thalassemic group as compared with other study groups.

Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii; Thalassemia; IgM; IgG; IFN-γ level


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62940/als.v12i4.2357

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